Approved Key Points in Geography for JAMB 2026/2027

Approved Key Points in Geography for JAMB 2026/2027:- If there is one subject that explains how the earth works and why places look the way they do, it is Geography. Some candidates fear map reading, some avoid climate calculations, but the wise ones understand something important. JAMB Geography is not difficult. It only requires the right key points, basic understanding of landforms, population, rocks, climate, and steady practice. Once you focus on the areas JAMB repeats every year, scoring above 70 becomes very possible. This guide contains the most important JAMB Geography Key Points, simple explanations, and a full set of 40 Geography Questions and Answers. If you study this guide carefully, your confidence in Geography will grow fast.

Why is the Approved Key Points in Geography for JAMB Important?

Key Points in Geography for JAMB 2026/2027 is important because: Geography appears every year with repeated questions, It is required for Environmental Science, Surveying, Urban Planning, Geology, and Cartography, Most questions are straightforward when you understand map symbols and diagrams, Weather, climate, rocks, and population patterns repeat often, Geography is score-friendly when studied with key points etc.

If you want a high JAMB score, Geography must be one of your strongest subjects.

Key Points in Geography for JAMB 2026/2027 With 40 Questions and Answers

Map Reading and Interpretation

• Contour lines show height and land shape
• Close contour lines indicate steep slopes
• Widely spaced contour lines indicate gentle slopes
• Scale shows the ratio of map distance to actual distance
• Types of scale include statement scale, ratio scale, and linear scale
• Grid references help locate exact points

Rocks and Earth Structure

• Three major rock types are igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic
• Igneous rocks form from cooled magma or lava
• Sedimentary rocks form from layers of deposited materials
• Metamorphic rocks form under heat and pressure
• Earth has four layers: crust, mantle, outer core, inner core

Weather and Climate

• Weather is daily atmospheric condition
• Climate is long-term weather pattern
• Rainfall, humidity, temperature, wind, and pressure are elements of weather
• Instruments: thermometer, barometer, hygrometer, anemometer, rain gauge
• Equatorial climate has heavy rainfall and high humidity
• Tropical climate has wet and dry seasons

Population and Settlement

• Population means total number of people in an area
• Census is official counting of people
• Overpopulation means too many people for available resources
• Settlement types include rural and urban
• Migration means movement of people

Nigerian Geography

• Nigeria lies in West Africa
• Nigeria has 36 states and Federal Capital Territory
• Major rivers: Niger and Benue
• Vegetation zones include mangrove, rainforest, forest savanna, and Sudan savanna
• The Niger Delta has crude oil
• Jos Plateau is known for mining

Environmental Geography

• Pollution includes air, water, land, and noise pollution
• Deforestation is removal of trees
• Soil erosion is removal of topsoil
• Conservation protects natural resources
  • Flooding occurs from heavy rainfall or blocked drainage

Areas JAMB Repeats Every Year/JAMB Area of Concentration For Geography

Below are the JAMB are of concentration for 2026/2027 UTME Examination;

• Map reading
• Weather and climate
• Rocks
• Population
• Vegetation
• Nigeria’s political and physical features
• Earth rotation and revolution
• Instruments of weather
• Settlement patterns
• Environmental problems

Also Read: Key Points in Mathematics for JAMB 2026/2027 With 60 Questions and Answers

40 Geography Questions with Answers

Below are 40 practice questions divided into sections.

PART I: Key Points in Geography for JAMB (Map Reading)

1. Lines connecting equal height are called what?
   Answer: Contour lines
2. Close contour lines indicate what?
   Answer: Steep slope
3. Scale shows what?
   Answer: Relationship between map distance and ground distance
4. True north is shown using what?
   Answer: Compass
5. A linear scale measures what?
   Answer: Distance
6. Maps that show roads and towns are called what?
   Answer: Political maps
7. Maps that show natural features are called what?
   Answer: Physical maps
8. Eastings and northings are used for what?
   Answer: Grid reference
9. The difference in height between contour lines is called what?
   Answer: Contour interval
10. Atlas is a collection of what?
    Answer: Maps

PART II: Key Points in Geography for JAMB (Rocks and Earth Structure)

11. Igneous rock formed inside the earth is called what?
    Answer: Intrusive rock
12. Igneous rock formed on the surface is what?
    Answer: Extrusive rock
13. Rock formed from sediments is what?
    Answer: Sedimentary rock
14. Rock changed by heat and pressure is what?
    Answer: Metamorphic rock
15. Granite is what type of rock?
    Answer: Igneous
16. Limestone belongs to which group?
    Answer: Sedimentary rocks
17. The earth’s outermost layer is what?
    Answer: Crust
18. The thickest layer is what?
    Answer: Mantle
19. Molten rock inside the earth is called what?
    Answer: Magma
20. Molten rock outside the earth is what?
    Answer: Lava

PART III: Key Points in Geography for JAMB (Weather and Climate)

21. Instrument used to measure humidity is what?
    Answer: Hygrometer
22. Instrument used to measure rainfall is what?
    Answer: Rain gauge
23. Instrument used to measure pressure is what?
    Answer: Barometer
24. Long-term weather pattern is called what?
    Answer: Climate
25. Daily atmospheric condition is what?
    Answer: Weather
26. Heavy rainfall and high temperature describe what?
    Answer: Equatorial climate
27. Hot and dry climate describes what?
    Answer: Desert climate
28. Wind speed is measured by what?
    Answer: Anemometer
29. The climate of Northern Nigeria is mainly what?
    Answer: Tropical continental
30. Rainforest is found where?
    Answer: Southern Nigeria

PART IV: Key Points in Geography for JAMB (Nigeria and Population)

31. Nigeria is located in which continent?
    Answer: Africa
32. How many states does Nigeria have?
    Answer: 36 states
33. The capital of Nigeria is what?
    Answer: Abuja
34. Counting of people is called what?
    Answer: Census
35. Movement of people is called what?
    Answer: Migration
36. Overpopulation occurs when what?
    Answer: Population exceeds resources
37. Major river in Nigeria is what?
    Answer: River Niger
38. Region known for oil production is what?
    Answer: Niger Delta
39. Vegetation found in coastal Nigeria is what?
    Answer: Mangrove swamp
40. Rural settlement has what?
    Answer: Low population density

Conclusion

JAMB Geography becomes very simple when you understand map reading, rocks, climate, population, and Nigeria’s physical features. These are the exact topics JAMB repeats every year. The 40 questions and answers in this guide will help you understand patterns and gain confidence. If you revise consistently and practise old questions, scoring above 70 becomes very possible.